SHAKE TABLE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF MONOPILE FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE STRUCTURES UNDER COMBINED EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKE AND WAVE LOADS

Guo Xiuxin; Xu Chengshun; Ling Weiyu; Liu Kaiyuan; Jia Kemin

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0338

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 116-126. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0338

SHAKE TABLE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF MONOPILE FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE STRUCTURES UNDER COMBINED EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKE AND WAVE LOADS

Guo Xiuxin¹, Xu Chengshun¹, Ling Weiyu¹, Liu Kaiyuan², Jia Kemin³

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Abstract

Offshore wind turbine structures are continuously subjected to long-term wind and wave horizontal loads, as well as seismic forces during their service life. To explore the seismic response behavior of these structures under the combined effects of wind, wave, and seismic loads, a large-scale physical model test was conducted. The results indicate that under long-term cyclic loading from wind and waves, the pile-soil interaction effect is pronounced within a range of one pile diameter （1D） around the pile, while the interaction can be neglected beyond five pile diameters （5D）. Under the combined influence of seismic and wind-wave loads, the soil acceleration around the shallow piles is significantly amplified compared to when only seismic loads are applied. The effect of wind and wave loads may extend to a depth of up to four times the pile diameter. Additionally, under the joint action of seismic and wind-wave loads, the accelerations, displacements, and bending moments at the pile top and tower top are notably higher than those observed with seismic loads alone, with the structure exhibiting an overall tilt. The coupling effect observed in the wind turbine’s single-pile foundation under the combined horizontal and seismic loading has a considerable impact on the safety and serviceability of the turbine. This effect should be carefully considered in the seismic design of wind turbine foundations.

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offshore wind turbines / monopile / soft clay / cyclic loading / earthquake

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Guo Xiuxin, Xu Chengshun, Ling Weiyu, Liu Kaiyuan, Jia Kemin. SHAKE TABLE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF MONOPILE FOUNDATIONS FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE STRUCTURES UNDER COMBINED EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKE AND WAVE LOADS[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(7): 116-126 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0338

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