RESEARCH ON ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR TRACE AMMONIA IN HYDROGEN FUEL

Deng Wenqing; Yang Bo; Zhang Ting; Hong Qinglong; Huang Shenmin; Deng Fanfeng

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0419

PDF(1087 KB)

Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 401-407. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0419

RESEARCH ON ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR TRACE AMMONIA IN HYDROGEN FUEL

Deng Wenqing¹, Yang Bo², Zhang Ting¹, Hong Qinglong¹, Huang Shenmin¹, Deng Fanfeng¹

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In this study, based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and cavity ring-down spectroscopy （CRDS）, the performance of analytical methods for trace ammonia in hydrogen fuel was comprehensively and systematically investigated. The results showed that the two methods exhibited good linearity relationship was the concentration range of （0.05~1.0） μmol/mol, with correlation coefficient R²>0.999. The accuracy of the FTIR and CRDS methods was between -3% and 4%, and the repeatability （RSD） was<6%, and their detection limits were 2.7 nmol/mol and 0.29 nmol/mol, respectively. The analytical methods used for hydrogen fuel need to meet the requirements of GB/T 43361—2023, the method applicability of the methods was evaluated for the first time in this study according to GB/T 43361—2023, and the results showed that the above spectroscopic methods can meet the measurement requirements for trace ammonia in hydrogen fuel, and can be used for rapid and accurate detection of trace ammonia content in hydrogen used in fuel cells.

Key words

fuel cells / impurities / ammonia / hydrogen fuel / method applicability / spectroscopy method

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Deng Wenqing, Yang Bo, Zhang Ting, Hong Qinglong, Huang Shenmin, Deng Fanfeng. RESEARCH ON ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR TRACE AMMONIA IN HYDROGEN FUEL[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(7): 401-407 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0419

References

[1] 刘峻, 赵汪, 高学强, 等. 全球加氢站产业、技术及标准进展综述[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(6): 362-372.
Liu J, Zhao W, Gao X Q, et al.Review on advances in industry, technology, and standard of global hydrogen refuelling stations[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(6): 362-372.
[2] Manoharan Y, Hosseini S E, Butler B, et al.Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles; current status and future prospect[J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(11): 2296.
[3] 李攀, 马腾杰, 林钰程, 等. 生物质热化学转化制氢技术研究进展[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(10): 645-654.
Li P, Ma T J, Lin Y C, et al.Advancements in hydrogen production from biomass thermochemical conversion[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2024, 45(10): 645-654.
[4] 邓凡锋, 邓文清, 徐冰艳, 等. 基于质子交换膜燃料电池车用氢气产品质量标准GB/T 37244的探讨[J]. 石油与天然气化工, 2024, 53(1): 110-115.
Deng F F, Deng W Q, Xu B Y, et al.Discussion on GB/T 37244 of hydrogen product specification for vehicle based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. Chemical Engineering of Oil ＆ Gas, 2024, 53(1): 110-115.
[5] Papasavva S, Veenstra M, Waldecker J, et al.Impact of anode catalyst loadings and carbon supports to CO contamination in PEM fuel cells[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, 46(40): 21136-21150.
[6] Yan W M, Chu H S, Liu Y L, et al.Effects of chlorides on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011, 36(9): 5435-5441.
[7] Zhang X Y, Galindo H M, Garces H F, et al.Influence of formic acid impurity on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2010, 157(3): B409-B414.
[8] 邓凡锋, 邓文清, 张婷, 等. 在线稀释-傅里叶变换红外光谱法用于质子交换膜燃料电池汽车用氢燃料中微痕量杂质组分的快速分析[J]. 分析试验室, 2023, 42(3): 312-318.
Deng F F, Deng W Q, Zhang T, et al.Rapid analysis of impurity components in fuel hydrogen for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicle using on-line dilution-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method[J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 2023, 42(3): 312-318.
[9] ISO 14687—2025 Hydrogen fuel quality: product specification[S].
[10] SAE J2719—2020 Hydrogen fuel quality for fuel cell vehicles[S].
[11] GB/T 37244—2018 质子交换膜燃料电池汽车用燃料:氢气[S].
GB/T 37244—2018 Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles: hydrogen[S].
[12] Zhang X Y, Serincan M F, Pasaogullari U, et al.Contamination of membrane-electrode assemblies by ammonia in polymer electrolyte fuel cells[J]. ECS Transactions, 2009, 25(1): 1565-1574.
[13] Huang Y C, Zeng Z, Wang T Y, et al.Poisoning mechanism of ammonia on proton transport and ionomer structure in cathode catalyst layer of PEM fuel cells[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 504: 158543.
[14] GB/T 14669—1993 空气质量氨的测定离子选择电极法[S].
GB/T 14669—1993 Air quality: determination of ammonia: ion selective electrode method[S].
[15] 朱高峰, 朱红求, 胡鑫, 等. 基于波长调制光谱技术的氧气浓度检测及其标定方法[J]. 分析试验室, 2015, 34(11): 1255-1258.
Zhu G F, Zhu H Q, Hu X, et al.Oxygen concentration detection and calibration based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 2015, 34(11): 1255-1258.
[16] Deng W Q, Deng F F, Zhang T, et al.Continuous measurement of reactive ammonia in hydrogen fuel by online dilution module coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 110085.
[17] Jiang J, Wang Z W, Han X, et al.Multi-gas detection in power transformer oil based on tunable diode laser absorption spectrum[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2019, 26(1): 153-161.
[18] 周枫然, 韩桥, 张体强, 等. 傅里叶变换红外光谱技术的应用及进展[J]. 化学试剂, 2021, 43(8): 1001-1009.
Zhou F R, Han Q, Zhang T Q, et al.Application and progress of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technology[J]. Chemical Reagents, 2021, 43(8): 1001-1009.
[19] GB/T 43361—2023 道路车辆用质子交换膜燃料电池氢燃料分析方法的确认[S].
GB/T 43361—2023 Gas analysis: analytical methods validation for hydrogen fuel in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications for road vehicles[S].
[20] 阎文斌. 微量气体定量分析的新方法:光腔衰荡光谱[J]. 低温与特气, 2007(1): 35-38.
Yan w b. A new technique for trace gas analyses: cavity ring-down spectroscopy[J]. Low Temperature and Specialty Gases, 2007(1): 35-38.
[21] RB/T 208—2016 化学实验室内部质量控制比对试验[S].
RB/T 208—2016 Internal quality control of chemical laboratory: comparison test[S].
[22] Bacquart T, Arrhenius K, Persijn S.J. Hydrogen fuel quality from two main production processes: Steam Methane Reforming And proton exchange membrane water electrolysis[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 444 : 27170.
[23] Brown A S, Vargha G M, Downey M L, et al.Methods for the analysis of trace-level impurities in hydrogen for fuel cell applications[R]. NPL report AS64, 2011.
[24] 唐峰, 党晓婧, 郑择, 等. 气相色谱法分析氢中痕量氨气[J]. 低温与特气, 2024, 42(3): 43-45.
Tang F, Dang X J, Zheng Z, et al.Analysis of trace ammonia in hydrogen by gas chromatography[J]. Low Temperature and Specialty Gases, 2024, 42(3): 43-45.
[25] 杨孟智, 王亚敏, 万伟, 等. 光腔衰荡光谱法测定质子交换膜燃料电池用氢气中的痕量氨[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2024, 40(2): 554-559.
Yang M Z, Wang Y M, Wan W, et al.Determination of trace ammonia in hydrogen for proton exchange membrane fuel cell by cavity ring down spectroscopy[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica(petroleum processing section), 2024, 40(2): 554-559.