RELIABILITY STUDY OF GRID-FORMING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WITH COUPLED THERMAL RUNAWAY AND LONG-TERM DEGRADATION

Li Xizhi; Lin Wei; Yang Wenlong; Zhu Wenchao; Yang Yang; Xie Changjun

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0825

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9) : 88-98. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0825

RELIABILITY STUDY OF GRID-FORMING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WITH COUPLED THERMAL RUNAWAY AND LONG-TERM DEGRADATION

Li Xizhi¹, Lin Wei¹, Yang Wenlong², Zhu Wenchao², Yang Yang¹, Xie Changjun³

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Abstract

With the high penetration of new energy sources, grid-forming BESSs are more frequently used to build new power systems. However, the reliability of BESS is highly correlated with the operating temperature： high temperature not only accelerates the capacity degradation, but also triggers the thermal runaway. This paper proposes a reliability analysis framework for grid-forming BESS, constructs a multi-domain coupling model of electricity-heat-capacity based on the operating characteristics of the grid-forming system, associates the thermal runaway with the degradation failure probability model, embeds it into the Monte Carlo simulation framework, and evaluates the system reliability and the risk of loss of power based on the topology of the string groups to analyze the evolution from cell failure to the overall performance. A multi-scenario simulation is carried out in the wind-storage complementary system to evaluate the operational reliability under different initial SOC and dispatch strategies. The simulation results show that the framework can effectively reflect the performance evolution of grid-forming energy storage under dynamic perturbation and degradation coupling conditions.

Key words

battery energy storage system / lithium‑ion battery / thermal runaway / grid-forming energy storage / system‑level assessment framework

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Li Xizhi, Lin Wei, Yang Wenlong, Zhu Wenchao, Yang Yang, Xie Changjun. RELIABILITY STUDY OF GRID-FORMING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WITH COUPLED THERMAL RUNAWAY AND LONG-TERM DEGRADATION[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(9): 88-98 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0825

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