ANALYSIS OF VOLTAGE SUPPORT MECHANISM AND INFLUENCING FACTORS IN HYBRID GRID-FOLLOWING/GRID-FORMING RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANTS

Sun Dawei; Yu Siqi; Deng Xiaoyang; Liu Sijia; Gao Benfeng; Zhang Siyu

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-1122

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Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12) : 286-298. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-1122

ANALYSIS OF VOLTAGE SUPPORT MECHANISM AND INFLUENCING FACTORS IN HYBRID GRID-FOLLOWING/GRID-FORMING RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANTS

Sun Dawei¹, Yu Siqi¹, Deng Xiaoyang¹, Liu Sijia², Gao Benfeng², Zhang Siyu²

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Abstract

In renewable energy stations, converting grid-following units to grid-forming control can effectively enhance voltage support capability of the system. However, the underlying mechanism of how grid-forming conversion impacts system voltage support remains unclear, and the operational principles of key influencing factors require further investigation. To address these issues, this study first analyzes the voltage support characteristics of grid-forming converters and the relationship between their equivalent impedance and control parameters. Second, typical case studies are established for both full and partial conversion scenarios of renewable energy stations. The analytical expressions for the multiple renewable energy station short-circuit ratio （MRSCR）, incorporating grid-forming converter equivalent impedance, are derived for each scenario to reveal the mechanism through which grid-forming conversion enhances the voltage support capability of grid-following stations. Subsequently, a correlation model between grid-forming converter equivalent impedance and MRSCR is developed to analyze the influence of grid-forming control parameters on system voltage support capability. Finally, validation is performed using the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. The results demonstrate that grid-forming conversion reconstructs the system node impedance matrix by introducing the equivalent impedance of grid-forming converters and new nodes, thereby increasing the MRSCR and voltage support capability of grid-following stations. In hybrid grid-following/grid-forming renewable energy stations, reducing the reactive-voltage droop coefficient and virtual impedance decreases the equivalent impedance of grid-forming converters, consequently increasing the MRSCR and enhancing the voltage support capability of grid-following stations. These findings provide theoretical support for the collaborative optimization of capacity configuration and control parameters in hybrid renewable energy stations.

Key words

grid-forming / equivalent impedance / voltage support / short circuit ratio of renewable energy multiple station / hybrid renewable energy stations

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Sun Dawei, Yu Siqi, Deng Xiaoyang, Liu Sijia, Gao Benfeng, Zhang Siyu. ANALYSIS OF VOLTAGE SUPPORT MECHANISM AND INFLUENCING FACTORS IN HYBRID GRID-FOLLOWING/GRID-FORMING RENEWABLE ENERGY POWER PLANTS[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(12): 286-298 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-1122

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