1971&#x02014;2019年羌塘国家级自然保护区日照时数变化特征及其影响因素

杜军; 高佳佳; 次旺顿珠

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0306

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太阳能学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2) : 287-295. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0306

1971—2019年羌塘国家级自然保护区日照时数变化特征及其影响因素

杜军^1,2, 高佳佳^1,2, 次旺顿珠³

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGE OF SUNSHINE DURATION AND ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS IN CHANG TANG NATURE RESERVE OF TIBET FROM 1971 TO 2019

Du Jun^1,2, Gao Jiajia^1,2, Ciwangdunzhu³

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文章历史 +

摘要

该文基于1971—2019年羌塘国家级自然保护区周边5个气象站日照时数、总云量、水汽压、相对湿度和风速等资料,运用气候倾向率、M-K突变检测和主成分回归等方法,研究了自然保护区年和四季日照时数的时空变化特征及影响因素。结果表明,自然保护区各站年日照时数为2839.2~3574.5 h,总体上呈自东向西递增的分布规律。保护区平均年日照时数要少于青海省柴达木盆地和西藏日喀则市大部,但多于藏东和藏南山地以及青藏高原东部。近49年,保护区年日照时数显著减少,平均每10年减少22.8 h,以夏季减少最为明显;自20世纪90年代以来,四季日照时数均呈明显减少趋势,仍以夏季减幅最大,其次是春季,而年日照时数减幅变得更大,达54.1 h/10 a。日照时数在10年际尺度上呈现出20世纪70年代偏少、1980—1990年代偏多,21世纪前10年明显偏少的变化特征。从转折点上看,保护区年日照时数在2016年发生了由偏多阶段跃变为偏少阶段的突变,时间较柴达木盆地偏晚21年;秋、冬两季日照未发生突变,春、夏季分别在2015年和2008年出现了突变。主成分回归分析显示,总云量是影响年日照时数变化的主导因子,平均风速起着次要作用;在季节上影响日照时数的主导因子均为总云量。

Abstract

Using the monthly data of sunshine duration, total cloud cover, relative humidity, vapor pressure and wind speed data collected from 5 meteorological stations in Chang Tang Nature Reserve of Tibet （CTNRT） from 1971 to 2019, spatio-temporal change of annual and seasonal sunshine duration and its influence factors were analyzed using the methods of the linear tendency estimation, M-K test and principal component analysis. The results show that 1） The annual sunshine duration of each station are from 2839. 2 to 3574. 5 hours in CTNRT, which is increasing from east to west. The sunshine duration is less than in Qaidam basin of Qinghai province and most area of Xigaze city in Tibet, but more than in eastern Tibet, the mountains of southern Tibet and the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; 2） In the recent 49 years, the annual sunshine duration shows significant decrease trend with a rate of 22. 8 h/10a in CTNRT, especially in summer. Since the 1990s, the seasonal sunshine duration shows an obvious decreasing tendency, with the largest reduction in summer, followed by spring, and the annual sunshine duration decreased even more, reaching 54.1 h/10 a; 3） On the inter-decadal scale, the annual sunshine duration shows the change characteristics of less in 1970s, more in 1980s-1990s and significantly less in 2000 s; 4） According to the Mann-Kendall test, the annual sunshine duration has a mutation in 2016 in CTNRT, it is 21 years later than in Qaidam basin. In terms of seasonal sunshine duration, there is no abrupt change in autumn and winter, while it occurrs in spring and summer in 2015 and 2008 respectively; 5） The principal component regression analysis shows that the dominant factor affecting annual sunshine duration in CTNRT is total cloud cover, followed by the mean wind speed, while the dominant factor is the total cloud cover in all season.

导出引用

杜军, 高佳佳, 次旺顿珠. 1971—2019年羌塘国家级自然保护区日照时数变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 太阳能学报. 2022, 43(2): 287-295 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0306

Du Jun, Gao Jiajia, Ciwangdunzhu. SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGE OF SUNSHINE DURATION AND ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS IN CHANG TANG NATURE RESERVE OF TIBET FROM 1971 TO 2019[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2022, 43(2): 287-295 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2020-0306

中图分类号： P422.1+1

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