基于流量守恒,提出一种H型VAWT的三维解析尾流模型,该模型考虑了风切变效应,并采用多元高斯分布。首先,通过风洞试验及大涡模拟数据进行模型验证,结果表明在x/D>3的远尾流区,横向剖面的相对误差小于2%,垂向剖面的相对误差小于3%。然后,从下游4个位置（x/D=3、6、9、12）、3种推力系数（CT=0.6、0.7、0.8）、4种风切变指数（α=0、0.1、0.15、0.2）、两种湍流强度（I0=5%、8.3%）下演示了一系列预测结果,结果显示该文模型能有效地描述尾流风速的空间分布。由于考虑了高度影响,该模型可用于风力机轮毂高度的优化及风电场的布局优化,有利于提高风电场的功率输出。
Abstract
Considering flow conservation, a three-dimensional analytical wake model of H-type VAWT that incorporates wind shear effects and uses a multivariate Gaussian distribution is proposed. Wind tunnel tests and large eddy simulation data are firstly used to validate the model. The results show that the relative errors are less than 2% for the transverse profile and less than 3% for the perpendicular profile in the far wake region with x/D>3. Next, a series of results are demonstrated from four downstream locations （x/D=3,6,9,12）, three thrust coefficients （CT=0.6,0.7,0.8）, four wind shear indices （α=0,0.1,0.15,0.2）, and two turbulence intensities （I0=5%,8.3%）, and the results show that the model in this paper can effectively describe the spatial distribution of the wake wind speed. By considering the height effect, the model can be used for the optimization of wind turbine hub heights and the layout optimization of wind farms, which is beneficial to increase wind farms'power output.
关键词
垂直轴风力机 /
解析模型 /
高斯分布 /
三维尾流模型
Key words
vertical axis wind turbines /
analytical models /
Gaussian distribution /
three-dimensional wake model
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金（51876054; 52106239; 11502070）; 江苏风力发电工程技术中心开放基金（ZK22-03-01）
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