传统太阳能光伏光热（PV/T）系统的光电转换和光热转换过程耦合在一起,对太阳能全光谱能量的利用率较低,为使得光电、光热过程解耦,该文探究Ag、CNT、CNT/Ag纳米流体作为分光谱PV/T系统媒介时的光谱及能量性能。首先对不同浓度纳米流体的光谱性能进行测试,然后通过实验研究不同浓度的CNT/Ag纳米流体对系统电效率和热效率的影响。结果发现相比于Ag纳米流体,浓度为1×106、3×106、5×106、1×107 μg/m3的CNT/Ag纳米流体在太阳电池光谱响应区的透过率分别上升了8.6%、9.3%、8.5%、9.2%,响应区外波段的吸收率增加了30.4%、44.5%、58.4%、56.7%。系统电效率最高为8.2%、热效率最高为45%,当CNT/Ag纳米流体浓度为5×106 μg/m3时,分光谱容器效率最高为18.3%时热效率达到了43%,电效率为7%。
Abstract
For conventional solar photovoltaic/thermal （PV/T） system, the photothermal and photoelectric conversion processes are coupled. Thus, the solar full-spectral utilization efficiency is not high. In order to decouple the photoelectric and photothermal conversion processes, in this paper, the spectral and energy performance of the PV/T system were investigated when the Ag, CNT, and CNT/Ag nanofluids are used as the media. Firstly, the spectral properties of nanofluids with different concentrations are tested. Secondly, the effects of different concentrations of CNT/Ag nanofluids on the electrical and thermal efficiency of the PV/T systems are studied by experiments. The results show that compared with independent Ag nanofluids, the solar spectral transmittance in the PV cell response range for 1×106, 3×106, 5×106 μg/m3, and 1×107 μg/m3 CNT/Ag nanofluids are increased by 8.6%, 9.3%, 8.5%, and 9.2%, the solar spectral absorptivity not in the PV cell response range are increased by 30.4%, 44.5%, 58.4%, and 56.7%, respectively. The electrical efficiency of PV/T system is up to 8.2%, and the thermal efficiency is up to 45%. When the concentration of CNT/Ag nanofluid is 5×106 μg/m3, the filtering efficiency is reached to 18.3%, while the thermal and electrical efficiency approached to 43% and 7%, respectively.
关键词
太阳能光伏光热系统 /
分光谱利用 /
碳纳米流体 /
银纳米流体
Key words
solar photovoltaic/thermal system /
beam splitting utilization /
carbon nanofluids /
Ag nanofluids
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目（51908527）; 江苏省自然科学基金面上项目（BK20221315）; 建筑节能安徽省工程技术中心开放课题（AHJZJN-2021-03）; 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室开放基金（E239kf1001）
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