采用传统共振方法控制的直驱式波浪发电系统,不规则激励下可能存在性能下降的问题,为此提出改进阻抗匹配控制策略。基于系统等效电路模型,构造出波浪能最大功率捕获条件;为适应实际运行工况,引入约束处理机制,改变增益调节浮子速度和位移,保证系统安全运行。以激励力、电磁力为未知输入,设计滑模观测器,检测波浪力信息,结合矢量控制策略,控制电机跟踪理想轨迹,实现功率优化控制。仿真结果表明,滑模观测器观测精度高,可在线估计激励力,所提策略能兼顾系统运动状态与输出功率,提升系统波能获取。
Abstract
Traditional resonance methods can be used to improve the operational performance of direct-drive wave power generation systems, but it may be counterproductive under irregular excitation, so an improved impedance-matching control strategy was proposed. Based on the equivalent circuit model, the maximum power capture condition was constructed. In order to adapt to the actual working conditions, a constraint handling mechanisms was proposed. To ensure safe operation of system, the float speed and displacement were adjusted by changing the gain. Taking the excitation force and electromagnetic force as unknown inputs, a sliding mode observer was designed to detect wave force. The control motor tracked the ideal trajectory to achieve power optimization control. The simulation results show that the sliding-mode observer has high accuracy, which can estimate the excitation force online. The proposed strategy can balance the float motion state and output power, and improve the system wave energy extraction.
关键词
波浪能 /
滑模控制 /
预测 /
阻抗匹配 /
永磁同步直线电机
Key words
wave power /
sliding mode control /
forecasting /
impedance-matching /
permanent magnet synchronous liner machine
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基金
国家自然科学基金（62173148）; 广东省自然科学基金（2022A1515010150; 2023A1515010184）
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