为减少建筑行业CO2排放和日常空调制冷剂的使用,该文提出一种创新性的建筑光伏热电空调系统设计方案,该系统靠光伏组件发电来驱动,光伏组件产生的电流为直流电,可直接供热电模块使用,系统简单,发电即发即用,发电效率高,其光伏组件可置于外墙南侧,倾角28°~33°。该系统具有制冷和供热两种模式,新系统将封装相变材料（PCM）作为储热器,可将制冷模式下高密度余热通过水冷系统充分利用,大大提高制冷模式下的总性能。该文对新系统的热电模块和水冷换热器进行性能模拟,确定了在不同条件下的最优热电模块及水冷换热器模型。该文提出的热电模块模型与Melcor软件的热电冷却模块计算相匹配;制冷模式下,在给定工作温度（热端温度Th=45 ℃、冷端温度Tc=17 ℃）和几何参数（G=0.282）,当制冷功率Qc=200 W时,最佳电流I=4.62,δCOP=1.01及热电偶数量N=873;该水冷换热器在槽高0.08 m、肋片11片、水流速0.6 m/s时,总热阻最优,为7.65×10-4 K/W,总压损最低,为1 kPa。
Abstract
In order to reduce CO2 emissions and the use of refrigerants in daily air conditioning in the construction industry, this paper proposes an innovative design scheme for building a photovoltaic thermoelectric air conditioning system. The system is driven by photovoltaic modules that generate direct current, which can be directly used by the heating power modules, the system is simple, the power generation is ready to use, and the power generation efficiency is high, and the photovoltaic modules can be placed on the south side of the exterior wall with an inclination angle of about 28°-33°. The system has both cooling and heating modes, and the new system uses encapsulated phase change material (PCM) as a heat reservoir, which can fully utilize the high-density waste heat in the cooling mode through the water-cooling system, greatly improving the overall performance in the cooling mode. In this paper, the performance of the thermoelectric module and water-cooled heat exchanger of the system is simulated, and the optimal thermoelectric module and water-cooled heat exchanger model under different conditions are determined. The thermoelectric module model proposed in this paper is consistent with the calculation of thermoelectric cooling module in Melcor software. In refrigeration mode, at the given operating temperature (Th=45 ℃, Tc=17 ℃) and geometric parameter (G=0.282), when cooling power Qc=200 W, the optimal current I=4.62, COP=1.01 and thermocouple number N=873, when the height of the tank is 0.08 m, with 11 fins, and the water flow rate is 0.6 m/s, the system achieves optimal total thermal resistance of 7.65×10-4 K/W and the lowest total pressure loss of 1 kPa.
关键词
热电模块 /
相变材料 /
余热回收 /
热电空调系统 /
水冷换热器
Key words
thermoelectric module /
phase change material /
waste heat recovery /
thermoelectric air conditioning system /
water cooled heat exchanger
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] RIFFAT S B, MA X L.Thermoelectrics: a review of present and potential applications[J]. Applied thermal engineering, 2003, 23(8): 913-935.
[2] SHEN L M, TU Z L, HU Q, et al.The optimization design and parametric study of thermoelectric radiant cooling and heating panel[J]. Applied thermal engineering, 2017, 112: 688-697.
[3] IRSHAD K, HABIB K, BASRAWI F, et al.Study of a thermoelectric air duct system assisted by photovoltaic wall for space cooling in tropical climate[J]. Energy, 2017, 119: 504-522.
[4] SU Y, LU J B, HUANG B L.Free-standing planar thin-film thermoelectric microrefrigerators and the effects of thermal and electrical contact resistances[J]. International journal of heat and mass transfer, 2018, 117: 436-446.
[5] JAMALI S, YARI M, MOHAMMADKHANI F.Performance improvement of a transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle using two-stage thermoelectric modules in sub-cooler and gas cooler[J]. International journal of refrigeration, 2017, 74: 105-115.
[6] CUCE E, GUCLU T, CUCE P M.Improving thermal performance of thermoelectric coolers (TECs) through a nanofluid driven water to air heat exchanger design: an experimental research[J]. Energy conversion and management, 2020, 214: 112893.
[7] HAN X X, WANG Y X.Experimental investigation of the thermal performance of a novel split-type liquid-circulation thermoelectric cooling device[J]. Applied thermal engineering, 2021, 194: 117090.
[8] SONG W J, BAI F F, CHEN M B, et al.Thermal management of standby battery for outdoor base station based on the semiconductor thermoelectric device and phase change materials[J]. Applied thermal engineering, 2018, 137: 203-217.
[9] ZHAO D L, TAN G.Experimental evaluation of a prototype thermoelectric system integrated with PCM (phase change material) for space cooling[J]. Energy, 2014, 68: 658-666.
[10] 章文杰, 张佳俊, 田秀丰, 等. 半透明晶体硅光伏热电制冷辐射窗的性能分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(9): 45-51.
ZHANG W J, ZHANG J J, TIAN X F, et al.Performance analysis of semi-transparent crystalline silicon photovoltaic thermoelectric cooling radiation window[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2022, 43(9): 45-51.
[11] 王军, 张超震, 董彦, 等. 温差发电模型的热电性能数值计算和分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2019, 40(1): 44-50.
WANG J, ZHANG C Z, DONG Y, et al.Numerical caculation and analysis on properties of thermoelectric generation model[J]. Acta energiae solaris sinica, 2019, 40(1): 44-50.
[12] 孙亚松, 刘红敏. 微通道强化换热研究进展[J]. 应用化工, 2022, 51(4): 1116-1118, 1123.
SUN Y S, LIU H M.Advances in microchannel enhanced heat transfer[J]. Applied chemical industry, 2022, 51(4): 1116-1118, 1123.
[13] 柳昕飞. 管翅式换热器换热能力与阻力变化规律研究[D]. 西安: 西京学院, 2021.
LIU X F.Study on the law of heat transfer capacity and resistance change in fin tube heat exchanger[D]. Xi’an: Xijing University, 2021.
[14] 王立. 不同结构水冷散热器流体流动和换热性能研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2013.
WANG L.Study on fluid flow and heat transfer performance of water-cooled radiators with different structures[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2013.
[15] 刘忠兵. 热电热泵贮能技术的研究与应用[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2009.
LIU Z B.Research and application of thermoelectric heat pump energy storage technology[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2009.
基金
保定市科技计划（2272P017）; 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目（QN2023081）
PDF(2023 KB)
