该文提出一种形式简单、便于计算的新型三维偏航尾流模型（3D_k-yaw Jensen模型）,以减缓尾流效应引起的发电量亏损,实现风电场的偏航优化策略。该模型基于3D_k Jensen模型进行改进,引入偏航状态下质量及动量守恒定理,综合考虑入流风况、局地地理信息、机组气动特性及运行工况等多种因素对尾流的影响,同时计及偏航效应对尾流中心偏移和尾流风速分布的影响。通过大涡模拟仿真和无人机外场测量算例,较为全面地验证了模型精度和通用性。结果表明对于不同机型、不同入流风况、不同偏航角条件,3D_k-yaw Jensen模型均较准确地预测了其横向和垂向的尾流速度分布及其发展规律。
Abstract
A new three-dimensional yaw wake model （3D_k-yaw Jensen model） with a simple form and convenient calculation is proposed in this paper, aiming to reduce the power generation loss caused by the wake effect and achieve the yaw optimization strategy of wind farms. This model is improved on the basis of the 3D_k Jensen model, introducing the mass and momentum conservation theorems under yaw conditions. It comprehensively considers the impacts of various factors on the wake, such as incoming wind conditions, local geographical information, aerodynamic characteristics and operating conditions, and also takes into account the influence of the yaw effect on the wake center offset and wake wind speed distribution. The accuracy and universality of the model are verified comprehensively through actuator disk/large eddy simulation（AD/LES） numerical simulation and unmaned aerial vehide（UAV） field measurement examples. The results demonstrate that the new 3D_k-yaw Jensen model accurately predicts the crosswind and vertical wake velocity distribution and its development pattern for different turbine types, incoming wind conditions, and yaw angle conditions. This paper provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the research on yaw optimization strategies of wind farms.
关键词
风力机 /
尾流 /
分析模型 /
偏航优化 /
尾流偏移
Key words
wind turbines /
wakes /
analytical models /
yaw optimization /
wake deflection
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2022YFF0608700）; 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目（92252103）; 中国华电集团有限公司科技项目（CHDKJ21-01-98）
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