针对电池容量非线性衰退问题,提出一种基于多通道特征融合优化VMD-SCNN-LSTM的锂电池剩余使用寿命（RUL）预测方法。首先,根据皮尔逊相关系数选取健康因子（HI）,提取锂电池充放电过程中电压、电流和温度的时序特性曲线。其次,采用变分模态分解（VMD）对电池容量劣化曲线进行分解。最后,将HIs和经过VMD分解的容量频域特征作为卷积神经网络（CNN）的多通道并行输入,原始容量作为长短期记忆网络（LSTM）的输入,再将两者提取的特征进行融合开展RUL预测。同时引入3倍交叉验证训练方法和dropout技术来避免过拟合问题。实验结果表明,所提最优混合模型的均方根误差RMSE不超过3.1%,平均绝对百分比误差MAPE不超过1.3%。
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of nonlinear decline of battery capacity, a RUL prediction method for lithium battery based on multi-channel feature fusion optimization VMD-SCNN-LSTM is proposed. Firstly, the health factors are selected according to the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the time-series characteristic curves of voltage, current and temperature during the charging and discharging process of Li-ion battery are extracted. Secondly, the battery capacity degradation curves are decomposed using variational modal decomposition （VMD）. Finally, the HI and the frequency-domain features of the capacity decomposed by VMD are used as the multi-channel parallel inputs to the convolutional neural network （CNN）, and the original capacity was used as the input to the long-short-term memory network （LSTM）, and then the two extracted features are fused to carry out RUL prediction. A triple cross-validation training method and dropout technique are also introduced to avoid the overfitting problem. The optimal hybrid model proposed in this study has an RMSE of no more than 3.1% and a MAPE of no more than 1.3%.
关键词
锂电池 /
剩余使用寿命 /
变分模态分解 /
卷积神经网络 /
长短期记忆网络
Key words
lithium-ion battery /
remaining useful life /
variational mode decomposition /
convolutional neural network /
long short-term memory network
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基金
国家电网有限公司科技项目（5400-202318246A-1-1-ZN）
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