基于海上光伏电站的实际背景,设计多种浮式消浪结构,在二维大波浪水槽内进行试验,测量得到不规则波条件下的时域响应信号。分析得到波浪的透射系数、反射系数和波能损耗系数,研究表明：与单浮箱式浮式消浪结构相比,增加单个浮箱宽度、增加浮箱数量、在浮箱底面两侧设置竖直插板、斜翼板均可提升结构的波能耗散能力,提升消浪效果;对于设计的双浮箱结构,底面斜翼板入水深度每增加0.5 m,其透射系数平均减小约15%;在此基础上,双浮箱间增设一层多孔竖直插板后波浪透射系数进一步减小,有效波高2 m的不规则波穿过设计的浮箱底面加装翼板、浮箱间加装多孔插板的双浮箱浮堤后,波浪能仅剩12%,可满足海上浮式光伏电站的抗浪需求。
Abstract
Based on the practical needs of offshore photovoltaic systems, various floating wave-dissipation structures were designed and tested in a two-dimensional large-scale wave tank under irregular wave conditions. Time-domain response signals were measured, and the wave transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, and wave energy dissipation coefficient were analyzed. The study demonstrates that compared to single-floating-box breakwater, increasing the width of a single floating box, adding additional floating boxes, and incorporating vertical insert plates or wing plates on the bottom can significantly enhance wave energy dissipation and improve wave attenuation. For the designed double-floating-boxes structure, each 0.5 m increase in the slanted wing depth reduces the transmission coefficient by an average of 15%. Additionally, installing a porous plate between the pontoons further reduces the transmission coefficient. Under irregular waves with an effective wave height of 2 m, the wave energy transmitted through the dual-pontoon floating breakwater with wing plates and porous insert plates is only 12% left, meeting the wave attenuation requirements for offshore floating photovoltaic power stations.
关键词
海上光伏电站 /
浮式防波堤 /
物理模型试验 /
透射系数 /
波能损耗 /
结构优化
Key words
offshore photovoltaics station /
floating breakwater /
physical model test /
transmission coefficient /
wave energy dissipation /
structure optimization
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