基于太阳电池等效电路,建立光伏组串I-V输出特性模型,通过数值求解,提出任意环温、太阳辐照度下的模型参数和最大功率点计算方法,进而建立光伏组串时间序列输出特性模型;针对老化、电势诱导衰减（PID）、隐裂、热斑等故障,研究获得不同类型和程度故障下的差异性变化规律;根据时间序列和全局最大功率点曲线的变化特点,确定和提取故障特征量,进行故障类型区分和故障程度描述。仿真和实验结果表明：所建立的模型和提出的方法能较高精度地拟合实测数据;计算获得的任意太阳辐照度和环温下的模型参数和全局最大功率点,其变化规律具有明确的差异性;所提出的故障特征量,能够很好地区分故障类型和描述故障程度变化。
Abstract
Based on the equivalent circuit of solar cells, a model for the I-V output characteristics of photovoltaic strings is established. By using numerical solutions, a method for calculating the model parameters and maximum power point under any ambient temperature and irradiance is proposed. Furthermore, a time series output characteristics model of photovoltaic strings is developed. For faults such as aging, potential-induced degradation （PID）, micro-cracks, and hotspots, the differential change patterns under different types and degrees of faults are studied. According to the variation characteristics of the time series and global maximum power point curves, fault features are identified and extracted to distinguish fault types and describe fault severity. Simulation and experimental results show that the established model and proposed method can accurately fit the measured data. The calculated model parameters and global maximum power points under various irradiance levels and ambient temperatures exhibit distinct variation patterns. The proposed fault feature metrics can effectively differentiate fault types and describe changes in fault severity.
关键词
时间序列 /
最大功率点 /
I-V特性 /
光伏组串
Key words
time series /
maximum power point /
current voltage characteristics /
photovoltaic string
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基金
浙江省基础公益研究计划（LGG22E070003; LGG20E070003）
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