基于模型预测的光伏虚拟同步机无功电压快速控制方法

吕建国; 周袁琼; 武鹏涛; 谢群; 徐智强; 胡艺

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1793

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太阳能学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 76-83. DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1793

基于模型预测的光伏虚拟同步机无功电压快速控制方法

吕建国¹, 周袁琼^1,2, 武鹏涛¹, 谢群¹, 徐智强¹, 胡艺¹

作者信息 +

FAST CONTROL METHOD OF REACTIVE VOLTAGE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC VSG BASED ON MODEL PREDICTION

Lyu Jianguo¹, Zhou Yuanqiong^1,2, Wu Pengtao¹, Xie Qun¹, Xu Zhiqiang¹, Hu Yi¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为进一步解决高渗透光伏场站并网带来的电压波动及越限问题,提出一种基于模型预测的光伏虚拟同步机（VSG）无功电压快速控制方法。首先,根据虚拟同步机的无功-电压特性,建立基于VSG的无功-电压控制的动态模型。然后,根据动态模型建立基于模型预测的离散式无功-电压状态空间增量方程,考虑未来一段时间的系统并网电压差值来预测所需无功功率序列,并通过滚动优化和反馈校正不断更新并跟踪使得未来并网电压输出与参考轨迹偏差值最小,从而实现光伏VSG系统的无功电压快速控制。此外,分析该模型的闭环系统稳定性,计算特征值得到合适的权重系数,使系统满足收敛性。最后,搭建光伏场站接入两区域输电网的仿真模型,验证所提控制方法的正确性及有效性。

Abstract

To further address the voltage fluctuations and limit violations caused by the grid-connection of high-penetration photovoltaic （PV） plants, a fast reactive voltage control method for photovoltaic virtual synchronous generators （VSG） based on model predictive control （MPC） is proposed. Firstly, a dynamic model of VSG-based reactive power-voltage control is established based on its reactive power-voltage characteristics. Then, a discrete reactive power-voltage state-space incremental equation is formulated using the MPC framework. This model predicts the required reactive power capacity sequence by considering the future grid voltage error over a prediction horizon, and continuously updates and tracks the optimal solution through rolling optimization and feedback correction to minimize the deviation between the future grid voltage output and the reference trajectory, and the fast reactive power-voltage control for the PV VSG system is achieved. Besides, the closed-loop system stability of this model is analyzed. Suitable weighting coefficients are determined by calculating the system eigenvalues to ensure convergence. Finally, a simulation model of a PV plant interconnected into a two-area transmission network is established to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control method.

导出引用

吕建国, 周袁琼, 武鹏涛, 谢群, 徐智强, 胡艺. 基于模型预测的光伏虚拟同步机无功电压快速控制方法[J]. 太阳能学报. 2026, 47(2): 76-83 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1793

Lyu Jianguo, Zhou Yuanqiong, Wu Pengtao, Xie Qun, Xu Zhiqiang, Hu Yi. FAST CONTROL METHOD OF REACTIVE VOLTAGE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC VSG BASED ON MODEL PREDICTION[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica. 2026, 47(2): 76-83 https://doi.org/10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1793

中图分类号： TM615

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