随着风电机组轮毂高度的增加,传统的均匀变径式圆锥形塔筒在成本效益和结构稳定性方面均面临挑战,含有锥-直过渡段的装配式混塔结构,为解决这些问题提供了一种潜在的方案。然而,锥-直过渡段的截面突变和应力集中,可能导致极限工况下筒体结构出现材料塑性变形和接缝脱离等问题。以某150 m 陆上风电混塔工程为例,基于ABAQUS软件建立装配式混塔的整体结构有限元模型和锥-直过渡段子模型,重点研究极限荷载工况下锥-直过渡段混凝土塔筒、钢筋、弯螺栓连接件等不同构件的非线性力学特性,以及筒体横缝、纵缝的非线性接触受力状态。结果表明：锥-直变换处塔筒截面存在较大的应力突变,且越靠近塔底的过渡段截面抗弯承载力系数越小;极限荷载工况下,过渡段横缝出现脱开现象,最大脱开截面面积比达到40.6%;横缝脱开区域边缘处的混凝土表现出明显的塑性特征,局部受拉损伤因子最大为0.689;锥-直过渡段极限荷载因子为1.286;建议塔筒设计时采取适当措施以提高锥-直过渡段的承载力安全系数。
Abstract
With the increasing hub height of wind turbines, traditional uniform-tapered conical towers face challenges in cost-effectiveness and structural stability. Assembled hybrid tower structures incorporating conical-cylindrical transition segments present a potential solution to these issues. However, the abrupt cross-sectional changes and stress concentrations at transition segments may lead to material plastic deformation and joint detach under extreme loading conditions. This study investigates a 150 m onshore wind turbine hybrid tower project, establishing a integral finite element model of the assembled hybrid tower and a sub-model of the conical-cylindrical transition segment using ABAQUS software. The research focuses on analyzing the nonlinear mechanical behaviors of critical components, specifically concrete tower segments, reinforcement bars, and curved bolt connectors in transition zones under ultimate load conditions, as well as the nonlinear contact stress states at transverse and longitudinal joints. The results demonstrate significant stress abrupt changes at cross-sections within the transition zone, with decreasing bending bearing capacity coefficients observed in lower transition segments. Under ultimate loads, transverse joint disengagement occurs with a maximum disengaged cross-sectional area ratio of 40.6%. Concrete at disengaged joint edges exhibits notable plastic characteristics, showing a maximum tensile damage factors up to 0.689 in localized regions. The ultimate load factor for the transition segment was determined to be 1.286. This study recommends implementing enhanced measures to improve the safety factor in conical-cylindrical transition segments during tower design.
关键词
风电机组 /
装配式混塔 /
锥-直过渡段 /
非线性力学特性 /
接触状态 /
有限元分析
Key words
wind turbines /
assembled-mixed-tower /
conical-cylindrical transition segments /
nonlinear mechanical properties /
contact state /
finite element analysis
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