采用ZephIR 300激光雷达测风系统,对内蒙古呼和浩特市某建筑风场内11~200 m高度范围内11个测点上的风速、风向数据进行实时采集,在对建筑风场内真实风速剖面特征详细分析基础上,建立符合实验地地貌特征的指数、对数及半对数风速剖面,分析3种风速剖面与建筑实际入流风速剖面的接近程度,并利用统计参数对风速剖面准确性进行评估,结果表明：建筑风场内的风速越大,则风向随高度的变化幅度越小,在风速小于4 m/s的低风速区域内,建立风速剖面时不可忽略风向的影响;建筑风场内风速偏差随高度的增加而增大,但在高风速条件下,所有高度上的风速偏差均有所减小;建筑风场内的风速剖面更符合对数风速剖面;有关标准中地表粗糙长度和风切变指数参考值不能准确描述建筑环境内的地貌特征,后期需更多研究来扩展其基于建筑环境地貌特征的准确参考值。
Abstract
Based on the ZephIR 300 lidar wind measurement system, the wind speed and wind direction data of 11 measuring points in the 11-200 m height range of a building wind field in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia were collected in real time. Based on the detailed analysis of the characteristics of the real wind speed profile in the building wind field, the exponential, logarithmic and semi-logarithmic wind speed profiles in line with the topographic characteristics of the experimental site were established. The proximity of the three wind speed profiles to the actual inflow wind speed profile was analyzed, and the accuracy of the wind speed profile was evaluated using statistical parameters. The results show that the variation in wind direction with height within the building wind field decreases as wind speed increases. In the low wind speed area with wind speed<4 m/s, the influence of wind direction cannot be ignored when establishing the wind speed profile. The wind speed deviation in the building wind field increases with the increase of height, but the wind speed deviation at all heights will decrease under the condition of high wind speed. The wind speed profile in the building wind field is more in line with the logarithmic wind speed profile ; the reference values of surface roughness length and wind shear index in the relevant standards cannot accurately describe the topographic characteristics in the building environment. More research is needed to expand the accurate reference values based on the topographic characteristics of the building environment.
关键词
建筑风场 /
入流风速剖面 /
风速 /
风向 /
风速偏差 /
统计参数
Key words
building wind field /
inflow wind speed profile /
wind speed /
wind direction /
wind speed deviation /
statistical parameters
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52368010）; 内蒙古自治区科技计划（2022YFHH0048）; 内蒙古自然科学基金（2024MS05068）
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